Zyrtec

What is it?

Composition

Zyrtec contains one active ingredient: cetirizine hydrochloride (Cetirizine HCl) at a dosage of 10 mg in each tablet. Cetirizine is an antihistamine that works by blocking the action of histamines, chemicals in the body that cause allergy symptoms such as sneezing, itching, nasal congestion, and watery eyes.

In addition to the active ingredient, Zyrtec also contains a number of excipients that help shape the tablet and improve its absorption. Here is a list of inactive ingredients:

• Colloidal silicon dioxide - prevents lumps in the tablet.
• Croscarmellose sodium - helps the tablet dissolve faster in the stomach.
• Hypromellose - a coating that masks the bitter taste.
• Lactose monohydrate - used to evenly distribute the active substance in the tablet.
• Magnesium stearate - prevents the components from sticking to each other and to the equipment.
• Microcrystalline cellulose - gives strength and shape to the tablet.
• Polyethylene glycol - helps maintain flexibility and integrity of the tablet coating.
• Titanium dioxide - used as a white colorant for the tablet coating.

How to use?

For adults and children over 6 years of age, the recommended dosage of Zyrtec is one tablet (10 mg) once a day. It is important not to exceed this dose - no more than one tablet in 24 hours. For milder symptoms, a dose of 5 mg can be used.

If you are over 65 years of age, you should consult a doctor before using the drug, as the dosage may need to be adjusted. For children under 6 years of age, it is also important to consult a doctor.

Step-by-step instructions for using Zyrtec:

1. Take one Zyrtec tablet (10 mg) once a day, regardless of the time of day.
2. Do not exceed the stated dosage - do not take more than one tablet in 24 hours.
3. If you have milder symptoms, a dosage of 5 mg (half a tablet) may be used.
4. Consult your doctor if you are over 65 or have liver or kidney disease to determine a safe dosage.
5. Store the drug between 20° and 25°C and avoid use if the package is damaged.

How does it work?

The main active ingredient in Zyrtec is cetirizine, which is a second-generation antihistamine. It works by blocking the action of histamines, substances that are produced by the body in response to contact with allergens. It is histamines that cause typical allergic symptoms such as sneezing, itching, runny nose, and watery eyes. Cetirizine prevents histamines from binding to their receptors, which prevents the development of these symptoms and provides quick relief.

Unlike first-generation antihistamines, cetirizine penetrates the blood-brain barrier less, which reduces the likelihood of drowsiness and other side effects from the central nervous system. This makes Zyrtec a more preferable choice for many people suffering from allergies, as it allows them to remain active and alert throughout the day. The effect of the drug begins about an hour after taking it and lasts up to 24 hours, which allows it to be taken once a day.

Indications

Zyrtec is used to relieve symptoms caused by a variety of allergies. It is effective in relieving symptoms of both seasonal and year-round allergies, including pollen, house dust, pet dander, and mold. Indications for Zyrtec include:

• Seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
• Year-round allergic rhinitis
• Symptoms of pollen, mold, dust mite, and pet dander
• Itchy, watery, and red eyes
• Nasal congestion and sneezing
• Itchy nose and throat

Contraindications

Zyrtec is contraindicated in the following cases:

• Allergy or hypersensitivity to cetirizine or any of its components.
• Allergic reaction to antihistamines containing hydroxyzine, since cetirizine is its derivative.
• Breastfeeding period - Zyrtec is not recommended for use during breastfeeding, since it can enter breast milk.
• During pregnancy, the drug should be used only on the advice of a doctor, since the safety of use during this period has not been sufficiently studied.
• Patients with severe liver or kidney dysfunction should consult a doctor before using the drug to determine a safe dosage.

In addition, Zyrtec should be used with caution if you are taking sedatives or tranquilizers, as this may increase the effect of drowsiness and cause inhibition

Side effects

Although Zyrtec is generally well tolerated, some people may experience adverse reactions. The most common side effects include:

• Drowsiness - this is the most common side effect, as cetirizine can affect the central nervous system.
• Dizziness or fatigue - may occur in some patients, especially when first taking the drug.
• Dry mouth - sometimes occurs in users, especially with long-term use.
• Nausea or stomach discomfort - in rare cases, Zyrtec can cause mild digestive problems.
• Headaches are another possible side effect, although they are less common.

If side effects become more severe or do not go away over time, it is recommended to consult a doctor. In rare cases, more serious allergic reactions to the drug itself, such as rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, may occur and require immediate medical attention.