Trileptal - Oxcarbazepine

What is it?

Composition

Trileptal contains several key components that provide its therapeutic effect. The main active ingredient is oxcarbazepine, which is responsible for the anticonvulsant effect. Excipients help form a tablet or suspension, maintain the stability of the drug and facilitate its absorption by the body.

• Oxcarbazepine is the main active ingredient that has an antiepileptic effect.
• Microcrystalline cellulose is a filler that gives the tablet its shape.
• Sodium croscarmellose is a substance that promotes rapid dissolution of the tablet in the stomach.
• Povidone is a stabilizer that improves the quality of the tablets.
• Magnesium stearate is a lubricant that prevents ingredients from sticking together and ensures uniform distribution of the components.
• Colloidal silicon dioxide is an agent that prevents clumping and ensures stability of the tablet shape.
• Hypromellose is used as a film-forming agent in controlled-release tablets.

How to use?

Trileptal should be taken as prescribed by your doctor, as the dosage and regimen depend on the specific condition of the patient, his or her age and individual response to treatment. Treatment usually begins with a low dose, which is gradually increased until the optimal therapeutic effect is achieved.

1. Trileptal tablets should be taken twice a day, usually in the morning and evening, with plenty of water. The drug can be taken either before or after meals.
2. It is important not to chew or crush the tablets unless instructed to do so, so as not to change the rate of release of the active substance.
3. If you miss a dose, do not take a double dose, but continue taking it as usual. If you have any questions about a missed dose, consult your doctor.

How does it work?

Trileptal works by stabilizing neural activity in the brain. The main active ingredient, oxcarbazepine, affects ion channels in neurons, specifically by blocking sodium channels. This prevents excessive electrical activity that causes seizures. As a result, the drug reduces the likelihood of epileptic seizures and helps control their intensity.

Oxcarbazepine also affects the levels of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate, reducing their release. Due to this, Trileptal helps maintain a balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain, which is especially important for preventing seizures.

Indications

Trileptal is used to treat various forms of epilepsy and is effective in controlling seizures. It can be used either alone or as part of combination therapy depending on the severity of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient.

• Focal (partial) seizures that can spread or remain localized.
• Generalized seizures accompanied by loss of consciousness.
• Symptomatic treatment of seizures in neuropathies if they are associated with epileptic disorders.

Contraindications

Trileptal is not recommended for use in certain medical conditions and situations. Before starting treatment, it is important to discuss all possible risks with your doctor to avoid adverse reactions and complications.

• Hypersensitivity to oxcarbazepine or other components of the drug.
• History of allergic reactions to carbamazepine, since cross-reaction is possible.
• Severe renal failure, since the drug is excreted through the kidneys and can worsen the condition.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding, unless the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the risks to the fetus or child.

Side effects

Like any other drug, Trileptal can cause side effects that depend on the individuals reaction to it. Although most patients tolerate it well, some may experience certain adverse reactions, especially at the beginning of treatment.

• Dizziness and drowsiness, especially in the first days of taking the drug.
• Headaches, which may decrease as the body adapts to the drug.
• Nausea and vomiting, usually associated with changes in diet or taking other medications.
• Decreased sodium levels in the blood (hyponatremia), which requires monitoring of laboratory parameters during treatment.
• Allergic reactions, such as rash or itching, which may require discontinuation of the drug.