Nexium

What is it?

Composition

Nexium contains the active substance esomeprazole, which is a stereoisomer of omeprazole and has a more pronounced effectiveness in the treatment of diseases associated with increased acidity of the stomach. In addition to the active component, the drug contains excipients that help ensure the stability, absorption and bioavailability of the drug.

A typical composition of Nexium tablets or capsules may include the following components:

• Esomeprazole (as magnesium trihydrate)
• Hypromellose
• Magnesium stearate
• Talc
• Microcrystalline cellulose
• Titanium dioxide
• Polysorbate 80

How to use?

Proper use of Nexium plays an important role in achieving the maximum therapeutic effect. The drug is usually taken orally, 1 hour before meals, which allows the active substance to be fully absorbed and effectively reduce the acidity of gastric juice. It is important to follow the doctors recommendations and the instructions for the drug to avoid possible side effects and achieve the best results.

Treatment usually includes the following steps:

1. Adults and children over 12 years of age are recommended to take Nexium in a dosage of 20 or 40 mg once a day. The dosage depends on the severity of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient.
2. Tablets or capsules must be swallowed whole, without chewing, with a sufficient amount of water. Splitting or chewing can reduce the effectiveness of the drug.
3. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor, but usually the course of treatment lasts from 4 to 8 weeks, depending on the diagnosis and the bodys response to treatment.

How does it work?

Nexium (esomeprazole) works by inhibiting the activity of the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme, known as the proton pump, which is located in the cells of the gastric mucosa. This enzyme is responsible for the final stage of hydrochloric acid production in the stomach. By inhibiting this process, Nexium reduces the amount of acid secreted into the stomach, which helps reduce acidity and relieve symptoms such as heartburn and acid reflux.

Nexium begins to work within 1 hour of administration and reaches its maximum effect within 2-4 hours. Long-term use of the drug leads to a steady decrease in stomach acid levels, which promotes the healing of ulcers and prevents further damage to the mucosa. In addition, reducing acidity helps reduce the likelihood of complications associated with chronic gastrointestinal diseases.

Indications

Nexium is prescribed for the treatment and prevention of a number of gastrointestinal diseases associated with increased acidity. The drug is widely used in both short-term and long-term therapy, helping patients cope with unpleasant symptoms and prevent complications.

The main indications for the use of Nexium include:

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic condition in which acid from the stomach enters the esophagus, causing heartburn and other discomfort.
• Stomach and duodenal ulcers are ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane caused by increased acidity or Helicobacter pylori infection.
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is a rare disease characterized by excessive acid production in the stomach due to tumors that produce gastrin.
• Erosions and ulcers caused by long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
• Eradication of Helicobacter pylori as part of complex therapy in combination with antibiotics.

Contraindications

Despite the high efficiency of Nexium, there are certain conditions and situations in which its use is contraindicated. It is important to take this into account in order to avoid adverse reactions and deterioration of health.

The main contraindications for the use of Nexium:

• Hypersensitivity or allergy to esomeprazole or other components of the drug. If you have previously had allergic reactions to proton pump inhibitors, Nexium is not recommended for use.
• Severe liver dysfunction, since esomeprazole is metabolized in the liver, and complications may occur if it is insufficient.
• Fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome or sucrase-isomaltase deficiency, since the drug may contain excipients containing sugar.
• Children under 12 years of age for tablets and capsules, since safety and efficacy in this age group have not been established for all forms of the drug.
• Concomitant use with certain drugs, such as nelfinavir or atazanavir, since Nexium may reduce their effectiveness.

Side effects

Like any medication, Nexium can cause side effects, although not everyone will experience them. Most people tolerate the drug well, but it is important to be aware of possible reactions so that you can seek medical attention if needed.

The most common side effects include:

• Headaches are one of the most common reactions that patients experience when starting treatment, but they usually go away as the body adapts.
• Gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea, or abdominal pain. These symptoms are usually mild and short-lived.
• Dizziness and fatigue, which may occur due to decreased stomach acid and possible changes in drug metabolism.
• Skin reactions, such as rash or itching, which may indicate an allergic reaction to the components of the drug.
• Changes in laboratory test results, such as increased liver enzymes or decreased magnesium levels in the blood with long-term use.