Diflucan

What is it?

Composition

Diflucan contains the active substance fluconazole, which is the main component that provides the antifungal effect of the drug. Excipients may vary depending on the form of release, but usually include:

• Corn starch
• Lactose
• Microcrystalline cellulose
• Sodium lauryl sulfate
• Magnesium stearate

These additional components are necessary to give the drug the desired consistency and improve its absorption in the body. It is important to note that the composition may differ slightly depending on the form of release, for example, capsules, suspensions or solutions for intravenous administration.

How to use?

Diflucan is taken orally as capsules, suspension or intravenous solution. The method of administration and dosage depend on the type of infection, the patients age and general health. Always follow the doctors recommendations and the instructions for use.

1. The capsules are taken orally with water, regardless of food intake. Usually one dose per day is enough, but depending on the severity of the disease, the course of treatment can vary from a single dose to several weeks.
2. The suspension is shaken thoroughly before use so that the active substance is evenly distributed. The dosage should be measured with a special measuring spoon or syringe to avoid errors.
3. The intravenous solution is used in a hospital setting and is administered slowly through a dropper. The dosage is determined by the doctor based on the severity of the infection and the patients condition.

Regardless of the form of the drug, it is important to complete the entire course of treatment to prevent relapse of the infection and the development of fungal resistance to fluconazole.

How does it work?

Diflucan works by inhibiting an enzyme that fungal cells need to synthesize sterols, which are key components of the fungal cell membrane. The main active ingredient of the drug, fluconazole, blocks the process of converting lanosterol into ergosterol, which disrupts the structure and function of the fungal cell membrane. As a result of this action, the membrane becomes vulnerable, and the cell is unable to maintain its vital functions and reproduce.

This mechanism of action of Diflucan makes it effective against a wide range of fungal pathogens, including yeast fungi of the genus Candida, cryptococci and other pathogenic fungi. Due to its systemic effect, the drug penetrates into various tissues and body fluids, providing comprehensive treatment and prevention of fungal infections, both superficial and deep.

Indications

Diflucan is used to treat and prevent various fungal infections. The drug is indicated in cases where rapid and effective elimination of pathogenic fungi in the body is required. The main indications for use include:

• Vaginal candidiasis (thrush)
• Oral and pharyngeal candidiasis
• Systemic candidiasis, including candidemia
• Cryptococcal meningitis
• Skin mycoses, including mycoses of the feet and inguinal area
• Prevention of fungal infections in patients with weakened immunity (for example, during chemotherapy or AIDS)

Due to its broad spectrum of action, Diflucan can also be prescribed as a prophylactic agent in patients at risk to prevent the development of fungal infections.

Contraindications

Despite its high efficacy, Diflucan has a number of contraindications that must be taken into account before starting treatment. The main restrictions include:

• Hypersensitivity to fluconazole or other components of the drug
• Concomitant use with terfenadine or cisapride, as this may cause serious cardiac disorders
• Liver failure or severe liver disease, as the drug is metabolized in the liver
• Severe kidney disease, especially if long-term treatment with high doses is required
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding, unless the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus or child

Before starting Diflucan, it is important to consult a doctor, especially if the patient has concomitant diseases or is taking other medications, to avoid possible complications or drug interactions.

Side effects

Although Diflucan is generally well tolerated, some patients may experience side effects. It is important to be aware of possible reactions in the body so that timely measures can be taken. The most common side effects include:

• Headaches and dizziness
• Nausea, vomiting and indigestion
• Skin rashes, itching and allergic reactions
• Increased liver enzymes, which may indicate stress on the liver
• Changes in blood composition, such as a decrease in white blood cells or platelets

If you notice severe or prolonged side effects while taking Diflucan, it is important to contact your doctor immediately. In rare cases, serious reactions such as anaphylaxis or toxic skin necrolysis may develop, which require urgent medical attention.