Actos

What is it?

Composition

The composition of Actos includes the active substance pioglitazone, which belongs to the class of thiazolidinediones. This component is responsible for the main effect of the drug. The formula of the drug is designed to ensure convenient and safe administration.

Additionally, the composition may include excipients that improve stability and absorption. Depending on the form of release, the exact list of components may vary. For example, Actos tablets may contain the following substances:

• Pioglitazone hydrochloride (as an active ingredient).
• Microcrystalline cellulose (as a filler).
• Lactose (provides the structural properties of the tablet).
• Magnesium stearate (used as a lubricant).
• Croscarmellose sodium (improves the dissolution of the tablet).

This composition ensures optimal release of the active substance and its effect throughout the day.

How to use?

To achieve the maximum therapeutic effect, it is important to use Actos correctly. The drug is prescribed by a doctor, who determines the dosage and regimen based on the individual needs of the patient and his or her health.

Actos is usually taken once a day, regardless of food intake. The tablet should be washed down with a sufficient amount of water. It is recommended to adhere to the following rules of administration:

1. Take the drug strictly at the same time every day to maintain a stable level of the substance in the body.
2. Do not skip doses or double the dose if you miss one.
3. Monitor your blood glucose levels and inform your doctor of any changes in your condition.
4. Do not change the dosage on your own, even if it seems that the condition has improved or worsened.

These recommendations will help you use the drug most effectively and reduce the risk of side effects.

How does it work?

Actos works by influencing the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin. The main active ingredient, pioglitazone, belongs to the class of thiazolidinediones, which stimulate specific receptors found in adipose tissue, muscles, and the liver. This helps improve glucose absorption by cells and reduce blood sugar levels.

The mechanism of action of the drug includes several key stages. Firstly, pioglitazone increases the effectiveness of insulin, which is especially important in insulin resistance. Secondly, it reduces the production of glucose in the liver, reducing fasting hyperglycemia. The drug has a long-term effect, helping to stabilize sugar levels with regular use.

It is also noted that Actos has a beneficial effect on blood lipid levels. This makes it useful for patients with diabetes, who often have lipid metabolism disorders.

Indications

Indications for the use of Actos are related to its ability to effectively control blood glucose levels. The drug is recommended for adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, when changes in diet and physical activity do not provide sufficient glycemic control. The doctor may prescribe it in various clinical situations to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce sugar levels.

Actos is indicated in the following cases:

• Monotherapy: when other oral antidiabetic agents are contraindicated or ineffective.
• Combination therapy: in combination with metformin, sulfonylurea or insulin, if they do not provide adequate glycemic control.
• Treatment of patients with insulin resistance: especially in the presence of excess weight or lipid metabolism disorders.

In each specific case, the need and dosage of the drug are determined individually, taking into account the general health of the patient and his response to therapy.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of Actos are associated with the possibility of developing adverse reactions or deterioration of health in a number of clinical cases. Before starting treatment, it is important to carefully study the list of restrictions and consult a doctor.

The drug should not be used in the following cases:

• Allergy or hypersensitivity to pioglitazone or any auxiliary components of the drug.
• Severe heart failure, including the exacerbation stage.
• Severe liver dysfunction or active liver disease.
• Diabetic ketoacidosis or type 1 diabetes mellitus.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Active or history of bladder cancer.

These contraindications must be taken into account to avoid complications and ensure the safety of therapy. The doctor can additionally assess the risk in complex or controversial situations.

Side effects

Actos, like any medicine, can cause side effects. Although most patients tolerate it well, some may experience adverse reactions. Their severity depends on the individual characteristics of the body, dosage and duration of treatment.

The most common side effects include:

• Weight gain, which is associated with fluid retention in the body.
• Swelling, especially in the shins and ankles.
• Headaches and dizziness, which may occur in the initial stages of treatment.
• Upper respiratory tract infections or sinusitis.
• Vision problems, including temporary decreased clarity due to changes in sugar levels.

More rare but serious side effects may include deterioration of liver function or the development of heart failure. If any suspicious symptoms occur, it is important to immediately consult a doctor. This will help promptly adjust the therapy and avoid complications.